A group of adult stem cells is presented by mesenchymal stem cells. Mesenchymal stem cells are located in large numbers inside the bone marrow and Wharton’s Jelly region from the umbilical cord (Wharton’s Jelly or “Wharton jelly” is mucoid connective tissue that constitutes the extracellular matrix with the umbilical cord and includes blood vessels, protecting them).
Mesenchymal stem cells are the supply of development of various tissue structures (eg nerve tissue, heart tissue, muscular tissues, navicular bone and so forth). As hematopoietic stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells are based on three fundamental characteristics: low specialization, increased autoreplication capacity (multiplication), the opportunity to differentiate, giving rise to mature cells competent to perform functions within the body.
Mesenchymal stem cells in umbilical cord : antigenicity (the opportunity to trigger an immune response)-being perfectly tolerated in the immunological standpoint in the context of a transplant are often taken the mesenchymal stem cells, may be isolated inside a area of umbilical cord blood collected at birth. They are often available when requested by authorized clinics in therapies basic cells, they have got high compatibility,making alcohol high multiplication-being generally known as that regarding multiplication and differentiation capacity cell decreases with increasing age, the dealer’s.
The volume of mesenchymal stem cells in bone marrow decreases from the stem mesenchymal cell - 10,000 mononucleate cells from newborns to 1/100,000 in teens, reaching finally to 1/1,000,000 in adults.
Moreover, the number of adult mesenchymal stem cells is 1000-5000 cells stem/cm3 of blood cord and 10,000-15,000/cm of cord tissue.
Due to their high plasticity, mesenchymal stem cells can differentiate into bone cells, cartilage, nerve, kidney; liver is actually a outlook during regenerative medicine, with the risk of tissue and organs regeneration.
Many studies have indicated that by their actions and immunosuppressive action, mesenchymal stem cells transplantation with hemaopoietic stem cells lessen the rejection probability because of imperfect compatibility of hematopoietic stem cells in alogenic transplant.
Mesenchymal stem cells are going to be extremely useful in the management of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, like rheumatoid arthritis symptoms and Chron’s disease due to their immunomodulatory potential.
Recent research in tissue engineering has revealed the opportunity of obtaining of valves and capillaries.
Also still in clinical studies, mesenchymal  reverse aging process  are employed as transport vehicles for antitumor drugs, gene therapy in treatments for hard-to-reach goal.

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